Definition: The electrical substation is the part of a power system in which the voltage is transformed from high to low or low to high for transmission, distribution, transformation and switching. The power transformer, circuit breaker, bus-bar, insulator, lightning arrester are the main components of an electrical substation. Single Line Diagram of an Electrical Substation …
Definition: The induction voltage regulator is a type of an electrical machine in which the output voltage may be varied from zero to a certain maximum value depending upon the ratio of turns in the primary and secondary windings.The primary winding is connected to the circuit which is to be regulated, and secondary is connected …
The various types of the protective relays are available for protecting the motor from faults. These relays sense the abnormal operating condition and make the circuit breaker to trip. The motors provide protection against faults in windings and associated circuits, excessive overload and short circuits, under voltages, phase unbalances and single phasing, phase reversal and …
The circuit diagram of the three-phase induction motors is shown in the figure below. Magnetic contactor starter essentially consists of a set of start and stop push buttons with associated contacts, overload and underload protective devices.The start push button is a momentary contact switch that is held normally open by a spring. The stop push …
Definition: Feeder protection is defined as the protection of the feeder from the fault so that the power grid continue supply the energy. The feeder injects the electrical energy from the substation to the load end. So it is essential to protect the feeder from the various type of fault. The main requirement of the …
Carrier current protection scheme is mainly used for the protection of the long transmission line. In the carrier, current protection schemes, the phase angle of the current at the two phases of the line are compared instead of the actual current. And then the phase angle of the line decides whether the fault is internal …
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The lightning arrester protects the electrical equipment from lightning. It is placed very near to the equipment and when the lightning occurs the arrester diverts the high voltage wave of lightning to the ground. The selection of arrester depends on the various factors like voltage, current, reliability, etc. The lightning arrestor is mainly classified into …
Definition: The device which is used for the protection of the equipment at the substations against travelling waves, such type of device is called lightning arrester or surge diverter. In other words, lightning arrester diverts the abnormals high voltage to the ground without affecting the continuity of supply. It is connected between the line and …
Earth fault is the unintended fault between the live conductor and the earth. It also occurs, because of the insulation breakdown. When the fault occurs, the short-circuit currents flow through the system, and this current is returned through the earth or any electrical equipment. This fault current damaged the equipment of the power system and also …
The rotor of the generator is normally unearthed i.e. remain isolated from the earth and therefore the single fault due to insulation breakdown will not rise the fault current. A single fault will not affect the rotor, but if the fault occurs, continues then it will damage the field winding of the generator. For a …
